Glossary¶

Ahead of Print¶: The publishing model called Ahead-of-Print makes articles approved by a journal’s editorial committee available online ahead of the print version. Although available online, the articles continue through the editorial process for their publication in print - or online - until they are ready to be included in a journal issue. This allows the print issue to be anticipated by a few months.
AOP¶: Acronym for Ahead of Print (Advanced Online Publication). See ahead of print.
Article¶: Common abbreviation for a scholarly article. It refers to a document of an academic nature which disseminates information and advances in the various areas of knowledge, and results from studies, research, experiments, and practices and theories. An article in the classic sense has various identifying elements such as title, author, affiliation, keywords, abstract, introduction, main body, conclusions regarding the research or study undertaken, bibliographic references, and appendices. Scholarly articles are generally published in academic journals under quality criteria established by the journal publisher. They can also be published as conference proceedings, lectures, seminars and technical meetings.
Creative Commons¶: A US-based, not-for-profit organization with a global network of affiliates which develop cost-free, copyright licenses allowing for the legal sharing and reuse of creativity and knowledge. There are a variety of licenses, each one with differing conditions in relation to what is being licensed and its use. For more information, see Creative Commons Corporation - About CC.
Crossref¶: Crossref (formerly styled CrossRef) is an official Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Registration Agency of the International DOI Foundation. It is run by the Publishers International Linking Association Inc.
csv¶: Abbreviation for Comma-Separated Values. It refers to a text-only computer file where information is separated by commas (the default delimiter) and stored in a tabular format. For more information, see CSV in Wikipedia.
Document¶: When mentioned in Érudit PS, it refers to the entire structure described in the XML.
DOI¶: System for the identification of digital objects which complies with the ISO 26324 standard. The International DOI Foundation (IDF), a not-for-profit organization, is the governance and management body providing Digital Object Identifier (DOI) services and registration, and is the registration authority for the ISO standard (ISO 26324) for the DOI system. For more information, see Digital Object Identifier System.
DTD¶: Abbreviation for Document Type Definition which refers to the set of markup declarations that define the structure, elements, and attributes of a document type. Applicable to the SGML family of documents such as XML. For more information, see Document Type Definition in Wikipedia.
Érudit Article¶: Érudit Schema used in the production chain and publication process of Érudit collection.
Érudit Packtools Catalog¶: A Packtools Catalog Plugin written to address Érudit requiriments while validating XML documents.
Érudit PS¶: Acronym for Érudit Publishing Schema.
Érudit PS Style¶: Set of rules from the JATS Archiving and Interchange Tag Set specifications with some adaptations.
Érudit Publishing Schema¶: A set of rules compounded by the specifications of NISO JATS Journal Archiving DTD and the Érudit PS.
HTML¶: Abbreviation for HyperText Markup Language. It is the principal markup language used for the creation of web pages whose elements form the building blocks of all sites on the Web. Developed and maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) from SGML, , it was primarily designed as a language for the semantic description of scientific documents. Its various versions have given rise to new technologies and standards, among them XHTML, CSS, DOM, XML, and XSLT to name a few. For more information, see W3C HTML.
ISBN¶: Abbreviation for International Standard Book Number. Created in 1967 and officially made as an international standard in 1972, it is a system that numerically identifies any book according to its title, author, country, publisher, and even edition. It can also identify software, and be converted to bar codes. It is widely used by bookstores, libraries and search services as a unique identifier to locate the items. For more information, see ISBN.
ISO¶: Acronym for the International Organization for Standardization. An independent, international non-governmental body with a membership of 163 national standards bodies. Created in Geneva in 1947, it is responsible for sharing knowledge and expertise across its members, and developing, on a voluntary and consensual basis, relevant international standards to support innovation and provide solutions to global challenges.
ISO 3166¶: International ISO standard which defines two letter codes for countries and their subdivisions. For more information, see ISO 3166 - Country codes.
ISO 3297:2007¶: International ISO standard which defines and promotes the use of the ISSN as the standard identifier for journals and other serials. Each ISSN is unique to a journal in a specific media. The standard also describes a linking mechanism (linking ISSN - ISSN-L) to associate the different media versions of the same resource. For more information, see ISO 3297:2007 - Information and documentation - International standard serial number (ISSN).
ISO 639-1¶: International ISO standard which defines two letter codes for the majority of the world’s languages. For more information, see Language Codes - ISO 639.
ISSN¶: Abbreviation for the International Standard Serial Number. An eight digit code used to identify newspapers, journals, magazines, reports, collections, websites and databases of all types and in all media - print and electronic. The criteria for the identification and description of such resources are managed by the ISSN network from its International Centre for the Registration of Serial Publications (CIEPS), and are standardized under ISO 3297:2007 - Information and Documentation. For more information, see ISSN.
JATS¶: Acronym for Journal Article Tag Suite. For more information, see Journal Article Tag Suite.
JATS Archiving and Interchange Tag Set¶: Model for journal articles based on JATS optimized for the archives who wish to regularize and control their content, not to accept the sequence and arrangement presented to them by any particular publisher. For more information, see JATS - Journal Archiving Tag Set.
Markup¶: Term which defines the operation of tagging a text document according to a previously defined standard. At Érudit, markup refers to the process of adding XML elements to identify, qualify and group information in a journal article being incorporated into the database.
MathML¶: Acronym for Mathematical Markup Language. Low-level specification for mathematical and scientific content on the Internet and similar media. Created and maintained by the W3C Math Working Group. It has become the ISO standard ISO/IEC 40314:2015. For more information, see W3C Math Home.
Namespace¶: A set of symbols used to organize and reference objects of various types by one name. They are generally structured as a hierarchy to allow for their use in different contexts. For more information, see Namespace in Wikipedia.
NISO¶: Acronym for the National Information Standards Organization. It is a not-for-profit organization accredited by ANSI (American National Standards Institute) which identifies, develops, maintains and publishes technical standards for the management of information in today’s constantly changing digital environment. For more information, see NISO site.
NISO JATS Journal Archiving DTD¶: A set of elements and attributes defined in XML format according to the NISO Z39.96-2015 standard which describe the three journal article models. For more information, see JATS: Journal Archiving Tag Set.
NISO JATS table model¶: Tabulated data encoding model, based on and designed to be easily converted to the XHTML 1.1 table model. For more information, see Element Table (NISO JATS table model) of the NISO JATS Journal Archiving DTD.
Open Source¶: Open-source software (OSS) is computer software with its source code made available under a license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose under the same license. For more information, see Open Source Software in Wikipedia.
Packtools¶: A Python Library with tools to evaluate documents in XMLs format against rules specified by a Packtooks Catalog Plugin.
Packtools Catalog Plugin¶: A Python plugin to be used compoundend with the Packtools Library to extends the XML validations.
parent-element¶: An XML element higher up in the hierarchy to the element in question.
PMC¶: Acronym for PubMed Central.
Pubmed¶: System comprised of more than 26 million citations to biomedical literature from MEDLINE, online medical journals and books. Citations may include links to the full text in Pubmed Central and to publisher sites on the Web. For more information, see Home - PubMed - NCBI.
PubMed Central¶: It is a repository of open access, full text scientific literature in the areas of biomedicine and related fields, available from the National Library of Medicine through the US National Institutes of Health. It also refers to the submission system for scientific articles based on standards set by the institution. For more information, see PMC Overview.
Python¶: An interactive and interpreted, object-oriented, portable, high-level programming language for writing software and control scripts with dynamic semantics. For more information, see Python site.
RST¶: Acronym for reStructuredText. A plain text markup syntax, as well as a parser component of the software DocUtils. It allows for the in-line markup of text files in simple text editors such as Windows, Notepad and Linux Vim for formatting contents, either for on-screen presentation or for formatting for quality print outputs. It was first developed to support Python. For more information, see reStrucutredText.
Schematron¶: Schematron is a rule-based validation language for making assertions about the presence or absence of patterns in XML trees. It is a structural schema language expressed in XML using a small number of elements and XPath.
SGML¶: Acronym for Standard Generalized Markup Language defined in ISO 8879:1986 and used to define markup languages, such as HTML and XML. For more information, see Overview of SGML and ISO 8879:1986 - Information Processing - Text and office systems - Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).
tag set¶: Subset of XML elements described in Tag Suite of the JATS specifications. For more information see the official JATS specificatio documentation.
Unicode¶: International standard used to represent characters independently of language, platform or programs used. Developed by the Unicode Consortium, it is widely used in the industry and in academia to provide better integration between systems, communities, search tools and applications in general. For more information, see Unicode Consortium.
UTF-8¶: Acronym for the 8-bit Unicode Transformation Format. It is a byte-based Unicode encoding composed of sequences which represent characters defined by Unicode, and is an appendix to the ISO/IEC 10646 standard. For more information, see FAQ - UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32 and BOM.
W3C¶: Acronym for the World Wide Web Consortium. International community where the member organizations, a full-time staff and the user public interact to develop standards for the Internet with the intention of bringing out its full potential. For more information, see About W3C.
W3C MathML¶: MathML is a low-level specification for mathematical and scientific content on the Web and beyond.
XML¶: Acronym for eXtensible Markup Language. SGML based set of rules developed by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) for coding text documents so that they are readable by humans and machines. For more information, see XML in Wikipedia.
XML Declaration¶: Also called XML Prolog, it consists of instructions for the automated reading and processing of an XML document by software. It must, at a minimum, specify the version of the XML used so that the software understands it and behaves as expected.